Risks of HIV Transmission Associated With Sexual Practices

HIGH RISK (in descending order of risk)
 
  • Receptive anal intercourse with ejaculation (no condom)
  • Receptive vaginal intercourse with ejaculation (no condom)
  • Insertive anal intercourse (no condom)
  • Insertive vaginal intercourse (no condom)
  • Receptive anal intercourse with withdrawal prior to ejaculation
  • Insertive anal intercourse with withdrawal prior to ejaculation
  • Receptive vaginal intercourse (with spermicidal foam but no condom)
  • Insertive vaginal intercourse (with spermicidal foam but no condom)
  • Receptive anal or vaginal intercourse (with a condom) *
  • Insertive anal or vaginal intercourse (with a condom) *
SOME RISK (in descending order of risk)
 
  • Oral sex with men with ejaculation
  • Oral sex with women
  • Oral sex with men with pre-ejaculate fluid (pre-cum)
  • Oral sex with men, no ejaculation or pre-cum
  • Oral sex with men (with a condom)
SOME RISK (depending on situation, intactness of mucous membranes, etc.)
 
  • Mutual masturbation with external or internal touching
  • Sharing sex toys
  • Anal or vaginal fisting
NO RISK
 
  • Masturbating with another person without touching one another
  • Hugging/massage/dry kissing
  • Frottage (rubbing genitals while remaining clothed)
  • Masturbating alone
  • Abstinence
UNRESOLVED ISSUES
 
  • The role of pre-cum in transmission
  • The protection offered by covering female genitals with a dental dam during oral sex on the woman
  • The risk of transmission from wet kissing
* Risk lower if no ejaculation and/or if spermicidal foam is used.